Berberine hydrochloride

Zili ndi zotsatira zolepheretsa pa Escherichia coli, Escherichia coli, Diplococcus pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus, Typhi ndi amoeba. Kachipatala, amagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka kuwononga matenda ndi mabakiteriya. Zinapezekanso kuti mankhwalawa ali ndi anti-arrhythmic effect. Berberine imakhala ndi anti-chotupa mu m'galasi ndipo imatha kuyambitsa kutulutsa kwa maselo a B16; mofanana ndi cytarabinehydrochlorideali ndi zotsatira zabwino mu vitro.

Cholinga
Ndi isoquinoline alkaloid. Molecular formula [C20H18NO4]+. Amatchedwanso berberine. Imapezeka muzomera zambiri m'mibadwo 10 ndi mabanja 4 kuphatikiza Berberidaceae. Berberine imatha kutulutsa makhiristo achikasu ngati singano kuchokera ku diethyl ether. Malo osungunuka 145 ℃. Amasungunuka m'madzi, osasungunuka mu benzene, ether ndi chloroform. Berberine ndi quaternary ammonium alkaloid, ndipo kusungunuka kwa mchere wake m'madzi kumakhala kochepa, mwachitsanzo, hydrochloride ndi 1:500 ndi sulfate ndi 1:30. Makhiristo a berberine opangidwa kuchokera m'madzi kapena kusungunula Mowa amakhala ndi mamolekyu 5.5 amadzi akristalo; Ngati crystallized kuchokera ku chloroform, acetone kapena benzene, amakhalanso ndi mamolekyu osungunuka a crystallization. Berberine amatha kuthandizidwa ndi alkali osiyanasiyana kuti apeze mitundu itatu yosiyanasiyana ya berberine: mawonekedwe a quaternary ammonium, mawonekedwe a aldehyde ndi mawonekedwe a mowa, pomwe mawonekedwe a quaternary ammonium ndi okhazikika kwambiri. Berberine ali antibacterial zotsatira pa hemolytic Streptococcus, Staphylococcus aureus, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Freundii ndi Shigella dysentery, ndipo timapitiriza phagocytosis wa maselo oyera. Berberine hydrochloride (yomwe imadziwika kuti berberine hydrochloride) imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pochiza matenda am'mimba, kamwazi, ndi zina zambiri, komanso imakhala ndi zotsatirapo zina pa chifuwa chachikulu, chifuwa chachikulu, zilonda zam'mimba komanso matenda opuma.

pharmacology
pharmacodynamics
Iwo ali yotakata antibacterial sipekitiramu ndi antibacterial zotsatira zosiyanasiyana Gram-positive ndi -negative mabakiteriya mu m'galasi, kuphatikizapo hemolytic Streptococcus, Staphylococcus aureus, ndi Vibrio cholerae. Meningococci, Shigella dysenteriae, typhoid bacilli, diphtheria bacilli, etc. ali ndi zotsatira zolepheretsa kwambiri. Iwo ali bacteriostatic pa otsika ndende ndi sterilizing pa woipa kwambiri. Ilinso ndi zoletsa zina pama virus a chimfine, amoeba, leptospira, ndi bowa wina wapakhungu. Kuyesa kwa in vitro kwatsimikizira kuti berberine imatha kupititsa patsogolo mphamvu ya phagocytic ya leukocytes ndi chiwindi reticuloendothelial system. Shigella kamwazi, hemolytic Streptococcus, Staphylococcus aureus, etc. mosavuta kugonjetsedwa ndi mankhwalawa. Palibe kutsutsana pakati pa mankhwalawa ndi penicillin ndi streptomycin.

Pharmacokinetics
Kusayamwa bwino mkamwa. Pambuyo jekeseni, mwamsanga amalowa ziwalo zosiyanasiyana ndi zimakhala, ndipo ndende magazi anakhalabe kwa nthawi yochepa. M'magazi ndende pambuyo mu mnofu jekeseni ndi otsika kuposa osachepera chopinga ndende. Mankhwalawa amafalitsidwa kwambiri, makamaka mu mtima, mafupa, mapapo ndi chiwindi. Nthawi yosungira mu minofu ndi yochepa, ndipo chiwerengero chokhacho chimatsalira pambuyo pa maola 24. Ambiri mwa mankhwala zimapukusidwa ndi inathetsedwa mu thupi, ndi zosakwana 5% ya mlingo kutumikiridwa ndi excreted mu choyambirira mawonekedwe mkati 48 hours.
Malinga ndi malipoti aposachedwapa, akukhulupirira kuti mankhwalawa akhoza kuchepetsa chiwerengero cha pili pamwamba pa mabakiteriya, kuteteza mabakiteriya kuti asagwirizane ndi maselo aumunthu, ndipo ali ndi chithandizo chamankhwala. Mankhwalawa amakhudzanso Helicobacter ndipo amatha kuchepetsa gastritis, zilonda zam'mimba ndi mmatumbo.

Olemala ndi kugwiritsidwa ntchito mosamala
Ngakhale angagwiritsidwe ntchito ana, izo contraindicated ana ndi cholowa shuga-6-mankwala dehydrogenase akusowa chifukwa mankhwala angayambitse hemolytic magazi m'thupi ndi kuchititsa jaundice.

Zoyipa
(1) Zovuta zapakamwa sizichitika kawirikawiri, nthawi zina nseru, kusanza, totupa ndi malungo a mankhwala, zomwe zimatha pambuyo posiya mankhwala.
(2) jakisoni m'mitsempha kapena kulowetsedwa kungayambitse zinthu monga vasodilation, kuthamanga kwa magazi, ndi kupsinjika kwa mtima. Pazovuta kwambiri, Aspen syndrome imatha kuchitika, ngakhale kufa. China yalengeza kuchotsedwa kwa majekeseni osiyanasiyana a berberine hydrochloride.
Anthu ochepa amakhala ndi vuto lochepa m'mimba kapena m'mimba, kudzimbidwa kapena kutsekula m'mimba.

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