Mu 1998, katswiri wa ku Japan Akiu et al. yotengedwa ndi kudzipatula arbutin masamba bearberry ndi kupeza chinthu chimene chingakwaniritse whitening zotsatira. Ili ndi zotsatira zosiyanasiyana zamankhwala monga anti-yotupa, antibacterial, antitussive, expectorant, ndi antiasthmatic. , imakhalanso inhibitor ya tyrosinase mu melanocyte yaumunthu, kotero idakhala yotchuka kwambiri pamakampani oyeretsa.
Arbutin, yemwe amadziwikanso kutiarbutin , ndi mankhwala p-hydroxyphenyl-D-glucopyranoside ndipo ali mu mawonekedwe a makhiristo woyera ngati singano kapena ufa. Mosavuta sungunuka m'madzi otentha, methanol, Mowa ndi njira amadzimadzi a propylene glycol ndi glycerol, koma insoluble mu etha, chloroform, petroleum ether ndi zosungunulira zina. Mapangidwe a maselo ndi C12H16O7, ndipo mawonekedwe ake ndi awa:
Arbutin ndi molekyulu yopangidwa ndi magulu achilengedwe opangidwa ndi magulu a polyvalent hydroxyl. Yankho lamadzimadzi ndi lopanda mtundu komanso lowonekera, kotero limakhala logwirizana bwino ndipo lingagwiritsidwe ntchito mosavuta monga chowonjezera muzopaka. Kuonjezera apo, ili ndi zinthu zabwino zowonongeka, ndizosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito ndi zodzoladzola, zimakhala ndi khungu lofewa komanso lomasuka, ndipo zimakhala zoyera pang'ono komanso zoyera pambuyo pa ntchito. Makhalidwewa amatsimikiziridwa ndi kapangidwe ka polyhydroxyl glycosides.
Kuphatikiza apo, arbutin ali ndi cholepheretsa chapadera pa melanin.
Melanin ndi chinthu chakuda cha pigment chomwe chingayambitse khungu. Amapangidwa ndi okosijeni wa tyrosine kudzera mu tyrosinase. Titha kuwona tyrosinase ngati enzyme yayikulu yolepheretsa kupanga melanin pakhungu. Ntchito ya tyrosine imatsimikizira kuchuluka kwa melanin.
Momwe mungaletsere ntchito yochititsa chidwi ya tyrosinase ndi imodzi mwamagawo ofunikira pakufufuza pamakampani oyeretsa. Zida zoyera zoyera monga hydroquinone (1,4-hydroquinone) zimatha kulepheretsa ntchito ya tyrosinase ndikukhala ndi vuto linalake lochotsa khungu pakhungu. Komabe, kugwiritsa ntchito kunja kungayambitse kuyabwa ndipo kungayambitse kuyabwa, kuluma, ndi kusenda mosavuta. Zizindikiro za matupi awo sagwirizana monga dandruff ndi erythema zimatha kuwononga mpaka kalekale, motero kugwiritsa ntchito kwake kuchipatala kumakhala ndi malire.
Mapangidwe a arbutin ndi ofanana ndi a hydroquinone. Kapangidwe kake kamakhala ndi molekyulu imodzi ya shuga kuposa hydroquinone, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti azikhala okhazikika komanso omasuka pakhungu. Ikhozanso kulepheretsa ntchito ya tyrosinase ndi kupanga melanin. ,pat imatha kuchotsa madontho okha, komanso imakhala ndi ma bactericidal ndi anti-inflammatory effect.
Ili ndi cytotoxicity yochepa ndipo imakhala yotetezeka komanso yopanda poizoni pakhungu. Ikhoza kulepheretsa ntchito ya tyrosinase ndikuletsa mapangidwe a melanocytes. Itha kuphatikizanso mwachindunji ndi tyrosinase kuti ipititse patsogolo kuwonongeka kwa melanin. ndi utsi wochepetsera kuyika kwa melanin pakhungu, kotero arbutin ndiye gulu loyenera lomwe anthu akufuna.
Malinga ndi mapangidwe osiyanasiyana, arbutin amatha kugawidwa mu α-arbutin, β-arbutin ndi deoxyarbutin (D-arbutin).
Popeza α-arbutin imapezeka makamaka kudzera mukusintha kwachilengedwe komanso kaphatikizidwe ka enzymatic, komanso kuchuluka kwa zopangira ndizochepa, ambiri mwa arbutin omwe ali pamsika pano ndi β-arbutin, koma kuyera kwake kumangofanana ndi α-arbutin. Wamodzi mwa khumi ndi zisanu.
Kafukufuku akuwonetsa kuti ndikofunikira kuwonjezera 3% arbutin ku zodzoladzola, zomwe ndi 90% zothandiza pakuchotsa mabala, mawanga agulugufe ndi ma depositi a melanin.
Onse α-arbutin ndi β-arbutin amasungunuka m'madzi, ndipo mawonekedwe a lecithin amitundu iwiri amtundu wa cell epidermal cell amathandizira kuti mayamwidwe azinthu zosungunuka m'mafuta, motero deoxyarbutin idayamba kukhalapo.
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Nthawi yotumiza: Apr-12-2024
